淡江外語論叢2021年12月No.362

論阿樂甘的幽默在馬里伏劇作中的呈現

朱鴻洲/ Chu, Hung-Chou中國醫藥大學通識教育中心副教授

Center for General Education, China Medical University, Associate Professor

【摘要】

儘管馬里伏的劇作在形式上，因遵循十七世紀以來戲劇三一律的規範而被視為古典戲劇風格，但近來許多研究者卻相繼指出他在戲劇藝術上的多項創新。本文彙整了這些相關評論。綜合諸多學者對於馬里伏劇作的革新處與特色的說明，最常被提及與討論的莫屬馬里伏式風格語言。但是在語言表現上，馬里伏另一個重要創新特色為幽默。但相較於前者，針對後者的研究並不多見。事實上，幽默不僅是馬里伏劇作有別於當代戲劇的特點，更是促成他在法式喜劇上獨樹一格的主因。本文的主旨便在於分析幽默在馬里伏劇作中的呈現。分析的對象則僅限於阿樂甘這個人物的語言表現。原因在於他的天真性對於展現幽默的各種特質是不可或缺的元素。

在研究方法上，論文將對幽默與其他喜劇性語言的差別提出說明。此外，我將對阿樂甘的幽默語言作三個層次的分類與各別的分析。首先是有關阿樂甘之蠢話中的幽默。二為阿樂甘在不同環境之需求下所製造的幽默。三為有哲學性與真理意涵的幽默。希望透過這三類幽默語言的分析，以便能較完整地呈現阿樂甘之幽默的多樣性特質。並藉此達到對於馬里伏劇作在語言創新之處提出具體的論證。

【關鍵字】馬里伏、喜劇、阿樂甘、幽默、天真

【Abstract】

Although Marivaux’s plays are considered as classical  styles in form because they  follow the rules of thethree unitsproposed  fordrama since  the  seventeenth century,  recently  many  researchers  have  pointed  out  his  innovations  in  the  art  of drama.  This  article  summarizes  these relative comments.  Among  these  analyses about  the  innovations  and characteristicsof  Marivaux’s  plays,  obviously,the marivaudage  is  the most   mentioned as  the  originality  of  this  theater.But anotherissue,important to us, is relativelylessstudied than the marivaudage in this theater:humor.Indeed, by humor, the theater of Marivaux differs not only from the dramatic works of its era, but also from the whole of the French comedy. Therefore,this studyaims  to  analyze  the  representation  of  humor  in  Marivaux’s play. More precisely, the object of this analysis is limited to the humor of Arlequin.The reason is  that the naivetyof  this  character  is  an  essential  factor  to  show  the  multiple characteristics of humor. In terms of research methods, weendeavor to distinguish theoretically humor from other kindsof comic discourse.In addition, this studywill divide the humor of Arlequin into three categories. The first is about the  humor in hisstupid  words. The  second  concerns the  humor created by  Arlequin in different situations. Finally,  his  truth  and  philosophical  humor  will  be  the  theme  of  our analysis. Thus, through this article, we try to show, ascompletely aspossible, the diversity of Arlequin's humor.In this way,we also hope to demonstrate, in a concrete way, the innovation and originalityofthis theatre.

【Keywords】

Marivaux, comedy, Arlequin, humor, naivety

本文為科技部專題研究計畫的部分研究成果。
計畫編號:Most 109-2410-H039-003。

淡江外語論叢2021年12月No.362